Which case required police to give warnings about rights before custodial interrogation?

• A. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
• B. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
• C. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
• D. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Answer: (A)

The main concept is the requirement of warnings before custodial interrogation to protect a suspect’s Fifth Amendment rights. Miranda v. Arizona established that statements made during police interrogation in custody are inadmissible unless the person is informed of their rights and knowingly waives them. Those warnings include the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, with the understanding that if they cannot afford one, one will be provided. These safeguards exist to prevent self-incrimination and ensure informed voluntary cooperation. If the warnings aren’t given, the statements are typically excluded from evidence.

The other cases address different issues: Gideon v. Wainwright concerns the right to counsel at trial, not pre-interrogation warnings; Brown v. Board of Education and Plessy v. Ferguson deal with racial segregation in schools and public accommodations, not interrogation rights.